AAPD opposes oral piercing and jewelry/accessories because of oral and systemic harms.
- Tooth fracture/wear, gingival inflammation/recession, plaque retention/caries, and metal allergy.
- Infection, prolonged bleeding, nerve injury, edema, and potentially life-threatening airway complications or endocarditis.
- Grills and bonded tooth jewels also carry risks; respectful counseling should include applicable regulations.